Compare And Contrast Between Modlingua Rubric 2018 And DIN 2345 Standards Established In 1998 In Germany.
                                                                                                                       Prepared by Sakina Motorwala
 
Section                                                                     Modlingua Rubric 2018                                                                                  DIN 2345 Standards                                         

Original Text                                              There are 10 points agenda to control errors. Articles,                                 The client is responsible for the linguistic and technical 
                                                                    punctuations, omissions, spelling, choice of words,                                     correctness of the original text. He is obliged to inform 
                                                                    factual error, consistency, grammatical structure as well                              the translator about mistakes he finds afterwards. The 
                                                                    as formatting error. The Modlingua rubric 2018 will help                            client should also be available for the translator to 
                                                                    the translator to correct the errors in the text. The translator                        answer questions. It is the translator's responsibility to 
                                                                    must be strict and follow all the parameters of compliance to                      acquire the necessary subject related knowledge. He
                                                                    the instructions given by client and project manager.                                   may also contact experts to obtain such information.

Choosing the translator                              The translator must be very careful when he/she is dealing                           The client should only choose                                 
                                                                   with any professional body or any organisation especially                             competent translators. The following criteria should be
                                                                   if somebody is hiring him/her. He/she should be careful,                               considered:
                                                                   shouldn't be casual. The management will expect the translator                    *  Technical competence of the translator.
                                                                   to value their time. The translator will need to identify the errors                  *  The translator should keep the deadline.
                                                                   by following this rubric and thus his/her efficiency will increase                   * The translator should have access to technical tools
                                                                   by 10 times which in return will increase their bargaining power                       such as the Internet or Translation Memory Program
                                                                   with anybody as well as with HR team.                                                               (a special computer program for translators).

Setting up a contract between                   The translator must have an eye for details, their personality, their               The translator receives original text or atleast  
client and translator.                                  overall presentation or choice automatically gets reflection. If                      further information. After accepting the job, the 
                                                                   the client studies the translator's certain parameters in rubric, they               translator sends a cost estimate to the client. If a contract
                                                                   can identify translator as a good human being, how much pressure              is drawn up, it should contain the following points:
                                                                   he/she will be able to take up, how much good he/she will be able to           * Agreement on the deadline.
                                                                   do, what performance he/she could do for the betterment of the                    * Agreement on the additional services such as graphic
                                                                   company etc., how much retaining capacity they will have. The                    design, proofreading by others etc.
                                                                   translator must remain sincere and professional.                                             * The client should provide special terminology, 
                                                                                                                                                                                              background information and secondary literature if 
                                                                                                                                                                                              necessary.

Target text                                                 The standard or procedures says, "First the translator must follow                 The target must correspond to the linguistic standards
                                                                   whatever client or project manager has explained to him/her.                        of the target language and the content must be true to
                                                                  Write an observation at the last moment, if he/she finds something                the original text. If there is no further agreement with
                                                                  going against the spirit of the work. If it is certainly going against                 the client, footnotes, appendices and tables must be 
                                                                  the spirit, the project manager or the client will understand it and                  translated as well. The client must be informed about 
                                                                  rectify it."                                                                                                          parts that are not translated or added to the translation.
                                                                                                                                                                                            The translator's comments must be marked clearly. 
                                                                                                                                                                                             Formal aspects such as numberings and tables must be 
                                                                                                                                                                                             copied from the original text, whereas symbols and 
                                                                                                                                                                                             measurements must be adjusted to the target language.

Proofreading                                            Every translation should follow ten points in Modlingua Rubric 2018             Every translation should be checked for the following 
                                                                 i.e. articles, punctuations, omissions, spelling mistakes, choice of words,       criteria before it is handed over to the client:
                                                                 facts, consistency, grammar, sentence structure, text structure formatting        * Completeness
                                                                 which includes spacing of words, tags, spaces, margins, font and font             * Technical and terminological correctness.
                                                                 size. Be careful, just add second reading to the final draft before he/she is       * Target text corresponds to demands drawn up in the
                                                                submitting any document to the client or to any person, professional                    contract.
                                                                person. Artificial intelligence like spell checkers, grammar checkers as well  
                                                                as plagiarism checkers which can control many punctuation errors, articles,
                                                                omissions as well as spelling mistakes shall be installed and used for all
                                                                translation projects.


Total number of words:  684 words
                                                                 

                                                                                       QUALITY CONTROL IN CONTENT WRITING AND TRANSLATION
                                                                                                                                                                                        -VIKASH KUMAR

How Grammarly helps in improving the quality of content and how it reduces the time taken to carry out the editing.





“Our young children and grandchildren will think it is completely natural to talk to machines that look at them and understand them,” Eric Horvitz, a computer scientist at Microsoft’s research laboratory

For decades, computer scientists have been pursuing artificial intelligence―the use of computers to simulate human thinking. But in recent years, rapid progress has been made in machines that can listen, speak, see, reason and learn, in their way. The prospect, according to scientists and economists, is that artificial intelligence will transform the way humans and machines communicate and collaborate.
Artificial intelligence (AI), the ability of a computer to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to carry out very complex tasks—as, for example, discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess or even improving the quality of content—with great proficiency.
 AI has focused chiefly on the following components of intelligence
•    Learning
•    Reasoning
•    Problem- solving
•    Perception

There are a number of different forms of learning as applied to artificial intelligence. The simplest is learning by trial and error. For example, a simple computer program for solving mate-in-one chess problems might try moves at random until the mate is found. The program might then store the solution with the position so that the next time the computer encountered the same position it would recall the solution. This simple memorizing of individual items and procedures—known as rote learning—is relatively easy to implement on a computer. More challenging is the problem of implementing what is called a generalization. Generalization involves applying past experience to analogous new situations. For example, a program that learns the past tense of regular English verbs by rote will not be able to produce the past tense of a word such as jump unless it previously had been presented with jumped, whereas a program that is able to generalize can learn the “add ed” rule and so form the past tense of jump based on experience with similar verbs.
One of the prime examples of artificial intelligence powered product is Grammarly. It is used in order to analyze every noun phrase and verb phrase in every sentence for syntactic and semantic errors. Grammarly automatically detects grammar, spelling, punctuation, word choice, and style mistakes in your writing. Copy and paste any English text into Grammarly’s Editor, or install Grammarly’s free browser extension for Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Edge. Grammarly will help you write correctly on nearly every site on the web.
Grammarly’s algorithms flag potential issues in the text and suggest context-specific corrections for grammar, spelling, wordiness, style, punctuation, and even plagiarism. Grammarly explains the reasoning behind each correction, so you can make an informed decision about whether, and how, to correct an issue.
Millions of writers worldwide trust Grammarly’s products, which are also licensed by more than 600 leading universities and corporations. Grammarly helps students achieve academic goals and improve their writing in essays, reports, theses, dissertations, and college entrance applications. Professionals use Grammarly to provide expert help and instant feedback on the accuracy, impact, and credibility of their English writing in a variety of fields, such as law, healthcare, academia, marketing, engineering, and journalism. Grammarly can be an equally powerful tool for job seekers, foreign students and English language learners, and non-native English-speaking professionals.
Grammarly works by providing insights about your work for clear, concise and effective writing. Basically, Grammarly deals with the following cases for the improvement in content.

•    Confused prepositions
•    Overuse of the passive voice
•    Wordy sentences
•    Repetitive words
•    Common writing and grammar mistakes like misplaced apostrophes
•    Spelling errors
•    Lengthy sentences to edit down
•    Punctuations

The ability to suggest the correct usage of English articles (the, a, an), prepositions (of, on, at, in, by, ...) , noun phrase , nouns and adjectives,  verb phrases,  verbs and adverbs and the ability to suggest improvements regarding clarity, conciseness, consistency makes Grammarly a second line of defense  for writers, bloggers, and anyone who wants to write correct. It not only helps people to communicate more effectively but also reduces the time which people usually waste while making a manual correction in their work. Even though it is true that machine cannot take the place of humans but at least they can help them to work quickly and effectively.

 

Let's take an example to demonstrate the function of Grammarly.

"Hello everyone myself Vikash Kumar and I am currently pursuing my gradution in Korean Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University. I have completed my high school from Patna, Bihar. From the very beginning, I was keen to learn foreign language but never thought that I will get the opportunity to learn Korean language in JNU".

When I checked this paragraph by simple copy paste in Grammarly I
come to know that there were 5 mistakes in this paragraph.

1.ADD THE PUNCTUATION MARK
   Comma after beginning
2.SPELLING MISTAKE
    spelling of graduation
3.ADD AN ARTICLE
    It suggests that we should add an
    article " a" before "foreign"

The whole process took only 2 minutes and it was very precise and easy to do without much effort.