By Manisha Mehta

LANGUAGE is the method of human communication, either written or spoken, consisting of the use of words in a structured way.  It varies from country to country and culture to culture. A diversified country like India amalgamated with different languages depending on the region, culture, and tradition. The translation is the change of words or text from one language to another. This process involves the interpretation of the meaning of the text and producing the same meaning in another language. All languages are in a particular social and cultural context. So the ‘signified’ for a particular ‘signifier’ may change from culture to culture and society to society. For example, for signifier ‘yellow’ in America, the signified is cowardice (“yellow bellied”- a popular saying) for Japan yellow signifies courage where for Indians it signifies joy. Thus the translator has to understand what the author of the original text actually wants to convey. The scientific study of language is linguistics. Since all word of one language may or may not have a corresponding word in the other language, linguistic study becomes crucial for the purpose of the translation. In the significance of translation, we find that the specialty of translation is not an inter linguistic method, but is the replacement of the real content with target language content includes educational and social differences that can shape the alternatives and attitudes of people as beneficiaries. A translator is primarily a linguist and then a novelist, a scientist or a poet. The linguist studies the grammar of a language and explains the use of sentences like what they consist of and how related they are. Example: In English, adjectives precede nouns while in French; adjectives come after the noun except when idiomatic meanings are assigned to such nouns:

English - He has a brown car
French - Il a une voiture brune 

Likewise, language is a blend of words and translation is the replacement of words between two languages and arrange of these words creates the targeted meaning. In the professional world, the translators are smart enough to cope up with the fast-growing market because of the requirements and expectations of the customer in relation to time.  The customers demand good quality work.ie. the translation must be correct as per the source supplied. Also, the translators have to take care of the content management and if they do not do it carefully, the translated matter gets affected. As a result, this would demean the reputation of translator..
There are two main aspects of translation, which are:  -

1. Linguistic Aspect of translation
2. Non-linguistic Aspect of translation

For the linguistic aspect of translation, the Society of Automotive Engineers created the linguistic standards, which includes - the wrong term, syntactic error, 
omission, word structure or agreement error, misspelling, punctuation error and lastly, miscellaneous error. The errors in each group are classified as either major or minor. With these points, infused the sense of professionalism in the translators. This was a turning point in the translation industry.
For the non-linguistic aspect of translation, there are different checkpoints that cover this technical aspect of a translated document. The person can make use of devices such as CAT tools or machine tools, where the machine depicts the errors in the document. These aspects involve,

a. Segment-level check - the translators should read their translated document before forwarding it as there could be some words left untranslated, incomplete translations, corrupt characters or inconsistent sentence count.

b. Inconsistency - the translation has to be consistent and meaningful. Inconsistency occurs in source inconsistency or target inconsistency

c. Punctuation - this is a common mistake made by the translators, as they do not pay attention to put punctuation at the end of segments or leave space before punctuation.

d. Numbering - the translators should always keep a check on the numbering or formatting values, unit of conversion.